本文举例说明在ASP.NET中发送Email的众多可能性,内容覆盖了诸如Email格式、优先权、附件及Email编码等方面。
ASP.NET被赋予了一个发送Email的新对象,名为SmtpMail。使用SmtpMail对象从ASP.NET页面中发送Email时,可以遵循以下简单步骤:
- 包含与邮件有关类所需要的名称空间;
- 例示一个信息对象,设置属性;
- 使用SmtpMail对象实例的send方法发送邮件。
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现在我们就来一步一步地研究从一个ASP.NET页面发送Email的过程。我们使用了VB来说明这个例子,最后将包含VB和C#的完整代码。
在ASP.NET 页面中引入System.Web.Util 名称空间,这个名称空间中包括了发送一个email所必须的所有对象。这些对象是:
SmtpMail:代表邮件系统,用于发送email。 MailMessage:代表一个信息,其属性包括发件人地址、收件人地址等。 MailFormat:代表信息的格式:HTML、文本等。 MailAttachment:代表一个email附件。 MailEncoding enum:代表Base64 或Uuencode的任何编码。取值范围:Base64、UUencode MailPriority enum:用来为信息设置优先权。值为:高、低、一般。 <% @Import Namespace = "System.Web.Util" %> |
使用以下语句来例示MailMessage对象:
Dim mailObj AS new MailMessage |
用MailMessage对象的属性来准备邮件。MailMessage对象有下列属性:
From:发件人的Email地址 To:收件人的Email地址 Subject:email的主题 Body:email的主体 CC:email抄送的收件人列表 BCC:email暗送的收件人列表 Priority:信息的优先权:高、低或一般 BodyEncoding:信息体的编码,如果有的话,就是Base64或UUencode BodyFormat:信息的格式:Html 或text Attachments:附加到email 的MailAttachment对象列表,主要就是对这个对象集合的一个引用 |
下面这段代码示范了使用MailMessage 对象属性的方法,它们代表了将在本例中创建的一个信息,这个信息要用SmtpMail对象来发送。在例子中,mailObj引用了信息对象的例示:
mailObj.From = "abc@mydomain.com" mailObj.To = Request.Form ("to") mailObj.Subject = "subject of the mail" mailObj.Body = "Message of the mail" |
这时,我们就可以使用SmtpMail 对象的Send方法来发送邮件了:
最后,我们把以上解释的属性结合在一个完整的例子中。为了说明用ASP.NET 发送一个email 的全部可能性,我们还包含了一些“小技巧”。下面是使用VB.NET的完整例子:
<%@page language="VB" %> <%@Import Namespace="System.Web.Util" %> <HTML><BODY> <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="VB" RUNAT="server"> ' This method is called on the server when the submit ' button is clicked on the client and when the page ' posts back to itself Sub SendMail (Obj As Object, E As EventArgs) ' Instantiate a MailMessage object. This serves as a message object ' on which we can set properties. Dim mailObj AS new MailMessage ' Set the from and to address on the email mailObj.From = Request.Form("From") mailObj.To = Request.Form("To") mailObj.Subject = "Subject Of the Mail" mailObj.Body = "Body of the Mail" ' Optional: HTML format for the email mailObj.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html ' Optional: Encoding for the message mailObj.BodyEncoding = MailFormat.Base64 ' Optional: Set the priority of the message to high mailObj.Priority = MailPriority.High ' Optional: Attach a file to the email. ' Note here that we have created a MailAttachment object to ' attach a file to the email mailObj.Attachments.Add(new MailAttachment("c:\test.doc")) ' Send the email using the SmtpMail object SmtpMail.Send(mailObj) End Sub </SCRIPT> <asp:label ID="Headingmsg" Text="Enter Your Email Address:" RUNAT="server"/> <FORM METHOD="post" RUNAT="server"> Email Recipient: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="to"> <br> Email Sender: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="from"> <INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="Submit" VALUE="Send Mail" RUNAT="server" OnServerClick="SendMail"> </FORM> </BODY> |
在以上例子中,From(发件人)和 To(收件人)的Email地址是从相应的文本框中收集的,点击“Send Mail”(发送邮件)按钮时,邮件就被发送出去。当“Send Mail”(发送邮件)按钮被点击时,表单回递到它自己,在服务器上“SendMail”(发送邮件)程序被触发,邮件被发送。下面是使用C#的例子:
<%@page language="C#" %> <%@Import Namespace="System.Web.Util" %> <HTML><BODY> <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="C#" RUNAT="server"> // This method is called on the server when the submit // button is clicked on the client and when the page // posts back to itself public void SendMail (Object Obj, EventArgs E) { // Instantiate a MailMessage object. This serves as a message object // on which we can set properties. MailMessage mailObj = new MailMessage(); // Set the from and to address on the email mailObj.From = Request.Form("From"); mailObj.To = Request.Form("To"); mailObj.Subject = "Subject Of the Mail"; mailObj.Body = "Body of the Mail"; // Optional: HTML format for the email mailObj.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html; // Optional: Encoding for the message mailObj.BodyEncoding = MailFormat.Base64; // Optional: Set the priority of the message to high mailObj.Priority = MailPriority.High; // Optional: Attach a file to the email. // Note here that we have created a MailAttachment object to // attach a file to the email mailObj.Attachments.Add(new MailAttachment("c:\\test.doc")); // Send the email using the SmtpMail object SmtpMail.Send(mailObj); } </SCRIPT> <asp:label ID="Headingmsg" Text="Enter Your Email Address:" RUNAT="server"/> <FORM METHOD="post" RUNAT="server"> Email Recipient: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="to"> <br> Email Sender: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="from"> <INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="Submit" VALUE="Send Mail" RUNAT="server" OnServerClick="SendMail"> </FORM> </BODY> |
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